Ajouter 'arch_install.md'
This commit is contained in:
parent
676a79de3f
commit
73ca4ff756
161
arch_install.md
Normal file
161
arch_install.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
|
||||
The following is a brief installation tutorial for [Arch Linux][1]. It assumes
|
||||
familiarity with the Arch [Beginner's Guide][2] and [Installation Guide][3].
|
||||
|
||||
It will provide a system with full-disk encryption using [LVM on LUKS][4].
|
||||
Two methods are presented here, the more traditional "BIOS mode", where
|
||||
there is no separate `/boot` partition. The entire installation is encrypted
|
||||
and booted via [Grub's crypto hooks][5]. The second method is "UEFI mode" which
|
||||
will use a GPT and show you how to make [separately-encrypted boot and root partitions][6],
|
||||
while only /boot/efi is left unecrypted.
|
||||
|
||||
Use your system's setup interface to choose UEFI or legacy/BIOS mode as appropriate.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that this guide assumes you are performing the install to `/dev/sda`. In
|
||||
some cases, you may find that your USB install disk claimed `/dev/sda` and you
|
||||
want to install to `/dev/sdb`. Confirm which disk is which before proceeding.
|
||||
|
||||
On some newer systems (e.g. Dell XPS 15), set SATA operation mode to AHCI.
|
||||
|
||||
Boot into the Arch installer.
|
||||
|
||||
If your console font is tiny ([HiDPI][7] systems), set a new font.
|
||||
|
||||
$ setfont sun12x22
|
||||
|
||||
Connect to the Internet.
|
||||
|
||||
Verify that the [system clock is up to date][8].
|
||||
|
||||
$ timedatectl set-ntp true
|
||||
|
||||
(BIOS mode) Create a single partition for LUKS.
|
||||
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mklabel msdos
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary 2048s 100%
|
||||
|
||||
(UEFI mode) Create partitions for EFI, boot, and root.
|
||||
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mklabel gpt
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary fat32 1MiB 513MiB
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda set 1 boot on
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda set 1 esp on
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary 513MiB 1024MiB
|
||||
$ parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary 1024MiB 100%
|
||||
$ mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
|
||||
|
||||
Create and mount the encrypted root filesystem. Note that for UEFI systems
|
||||
this will be partition 3.
|
||||
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda1
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda1 lvm
|
||||
$ pvcreate /dev/mapper/lvm
|
||||
$ vgcreate arch /dev/mapper/lvm
|
||||
$ lvcreate -L 8G arch -n swap
|
||||
$ lvcreate -L 30G arch -n root
|
||||
$ lvcreate -l +100%FREE arch -n home
|
||||
$ lvdisplay
|
||||
$ mkswap -L swap /dev/mapper/arch-swap
|
||||
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/arch-root
|
||||
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/arch-home
|
||||
$ mount /dev/mapper/arch-root /mnt
|
||||
$ mkdir /mnt/home
|
||||
$ mount /dev/mapper/arch-home /mnt/home
|
||||
$ swapon /dev/mapper/arch-swap
|
||||
|
||||
(UEFI mode) Encrypt the boot partition using a separate passphrase from
|
||||
the root partition, then mount the boot and EFI partitions.
|
||||
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda2
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda2 cryptboot
|
||||
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/cryptboot
|
||||
$ mkdir /mnt/boot
|
||||
$ mount /dev/mapper/cryptboot /mnt/boot
|
||||
$ mkdir /mnt/boot/efi
|
||||
$ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
Optionally [edit the mirror list][9].
|
||||
|
||||
$ vi /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
|
||||
|
||||
Install the [base system][10].
|
||||
|
||||
$ pacstrap -i /mnt base base-devel net-tools wireless_tools dialog wpa_supplicant git grub ansible
|
||||
(UEFI mode) $ pacstrap /mnt efibootmgr
|
||||
|
||||
Generate and verify [fstab][11].
|
||||
|
||||
$ genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
$ less /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
Change root into the base install and perform [base configuration tasks][12].
|
||||
|
||||
$ arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
|
||||
$ export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
|
||||
$ echo $LANG UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.gen
|
||||
$ locale-gen
|
||||
$ echo LANG=$LANG > /etc/locale.conf
|
||||
$ ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime
|
||||
$ hwclock --systohc --utc
|
||||
$ echo mymachine > /etc/hostname
|
||||
$ systemctl enable dhcpcd.service
|
||||
$ passwd
|
||||
|
||||
Set your mkinitcpio encrypt/lvm2 hooks and rebuild.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sed -i 's/^HOOKS=.*/HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block keyboard encrypt lvm2 resume filesystems fsck"/' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
|
||||
$ mkinitcpio -p linux
|
||||
|
||||
(BIOS mode) Add a keyfile to decrypt the root volume and properly set the hooks.
|
||||
|
||||
$ dd bs=512 count=8 if=/dev/urandom of=/crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sda1 /crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ chmod 000 /crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ sed -i 's/^FILES=.*/FILES="\/crypto_keyfile.bin"/' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
|
||||
$ mkinitcpio -p linux
|
||||
|
||||
(UEFI mode) Add a keyfile to decrypt and mount the boot volume during startup.
|
||||
|
||||
$ dd bs=512 count=8 if=/dev/urandom of=/crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sda2 /crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ chmod 000 /crypto_keyfile.bin
|
||||
$ echo "cryptboot /dev/sda2 /crypto_keyfile.bin luks" >> /etc/crypttab
|
||||
|
||||
Configure GRUB.
|
||||
|
||||
$ echo GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
# BIOS mode - set the UUID of the encrypted root device
|
||||
$ ROOTUUID=$(blkid /dev/sda1 | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d '"' -f2)
|
||||
$ sed -i "s/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=.*/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"cryptdevice=UUID="$ROOTUUID":lvm:allow-discards resume=\/dev\/mapper\/arch-swap\"/" /etc/default/grub
|
||||
$ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
$ grub-install /dev/sda
|
||||
$ chmod -R g-rwx,o-rwx /boot
|
||||
|
||||
# UEFI mode - set the UUID of the encrypted root device
|
||||
$ ROOTUUID=$(blkid /dev/sda3 | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d '"' -f2)
|
||||
$ sed -i "s/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=.*/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"cryptdevice=UUID="$ROOTUUID":lvm:allow-discards root=\/dev\/mapper\/arch-root resume=\/dev\/mapper\/arch-swap\"/" /etc/default/grub
|
||||
$ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
$ grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=grub --recheck
|
||||
$ chmod -R g-rwx,o-rwx /boot
|
||||
|
||||
Cleanup and reboot!
|
||||
|
||||
$ exit
|
||||
$ umount -R /mnt
|
||||
$ reboot
|
||||
|
||||
Run ansible!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[1]: https://www.archlinux.org/
|
||||
[2]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide
|
||||
[3]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_guide
|
||||
[4]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Encrypted_LVM#LVM_on_LUKS
|
||||
[5]: http://www.pavelkogan.com/2014/05/23/luks-full-disk-encryption/
|
||||
[6]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system#Encrypted_boot_partition_.28GRUB.29
|
||||
[7]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/HiDPI
|
||||
[8]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide#Update_the_system_clock
|
||||
[9]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_Guide#Select_a_mirror
|
||||
[10]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_Guide#Install_the_base_system
|
||||
[11]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide#Generate_an_fstab
|
||||
[12]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide#Configure_the_base_system
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user